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Treści Содержание Content |
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Copyright (2008) by Evgeny Ochin
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Wi-Max - Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (cc=>x)
WiMAX, the Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access, is a telecommunications technology aimed at providing wireless data over long distances in a variety of ways, from point-to-point links to full mobile cellular type access. It is based on the IEEE 802.16 standard, which is also called WirelessMAN. The name "WiMAX" was created by the WiMAX Forum, which was formed in June 2001 to promote conformance and interoperability of the standard. The forum describes WiMAX as "a standards-based technology enabling the delivery of last mile wireless broadband access as an alternative to cable and DSL" (and also to High Speed Packet Access).
The terms "fixed WiMAX", "mobile WiMAX", "802.16d" and "802.16e" are frequently used incorrectly.Correct definitions are:
* 802.16-2004 is often called 802.16d, since that was the working party that developed the standard. It is also frequently referred to as "fixed WiMAX" since it has no support for mobility.
* 802.16e-2005 is an amendment to 802.16-2004 and is often referred to in shortened form as 802.16e. It introduced support for mobility, amongst other things and is therefore also frequently called "mobile WiMAX".
Who is designer of 802.16: attendees from Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hong Kong, India, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Korea, Netherlands, Norway, Pakistan, Romania, Russia, Singapore, Spain, Sweden, Taiwan, Thailand, USA, UK.
802.16 Standards
802.16 standard was approved in 2001 as a standard for point to multipoint Broadband Wireless transmission.
802.16a standard is a standard for point to multipoint Broadband Wireless transmission in the 2-11 GHz band.
802.16c standard is a standard for point to multipoint Broadband Wireless transmission in 10-66 GHz.
802.16-2004 standard is a standard for point to multipoint Broadband Wireless transmission which superseded the earlier 802.16 documents, including the a/b/c amendments.
802.16e-2005 (formerly known as IEEE 802.16e) standard addressing mobility, was concluded in 2005 is a standard for point to multipoint Broadband Wireless transmission and is sometimes called “Mobile WiMAX”.
IEEE 802.16e-2005 (802.16e, for short) is called “Physical and Medium Access Control Layers for Combined Fixed and Mobile Operation in Licensed Bands”
Amendments in progress
Active amendments:
* 802.16e-2005 — Mobile 802.16
* 802.16f-2005 — Management Information Base
* 802.16g-2007 — Management Plane Procedures and Services
* 802.16k-2007 — Bridging of 802.16 (an amendment to 802.1D)
Amendments under development:
* 802.16h — Improved Coexistence Mechanisms for License-Exempt Operation
* 802.16i — Mobile Management Information Base
* 802.16j — Multihop Relay Specification
* 802.16Rev2 — Consolidate 802.16-2004, 802.16e, 802.16f, 802.16g and possibly 802.16i into a new document.
Amendments at pre-draft stage:
* 802.16m — Advanced Air Interface. Data rates of 100 Mbit/s for mobile applications and 1 Gbit/s for fixed applications, cellular, macro and micro cell coverage, with currently no restrictions on the RF bandwidth (which is expected to be 20 MHz or higher).[1] The proposed work plan would allow completion of the standard by December 2009 for approval by March 2010. |
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Główny problem Informatyki
"Jak w tym wszystkim nie zaplątać się",
obecne nie został rozwiązany.
Edsger W. Dijkstra
19.XI.2000 |
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Telefony dual mode VoWLAN/GSM
Janusz Chustecki data 09.05.2008, um 13:01:13 Uhr
Cisco i Nokia zapowiedziały w Barcelonie na kongresie 3GSM World Congress nowe telefony dual-mode, które współpracują zarówno z sieciową infrastrukturą VoIP firmy Cisco, jak i z publiczną siecią komórkową GSM.
Telefony Nokia E61i i E65 zawierają układy radiowe GSM oraz 802.11g. Producent dołącza do telefonów oprogramowanie sprawdzające automatycznie, które połączenie należy wybrać. Jeśli sygnał Wi-Fi jest wystarczająco silny, rozmowa jest prowadzona przez punkt dostępowy. Jeśli tak nie jest, rozmowa jest obsługiwana przez stację bazową telefonii komórkowej GSM.
Nokia E61i
Telefonom towarzyszy też oprogramowanie, które pozwala integrować je z firmowymi (Cisco) centralkami telefonicznymi CallManager (IP PBX).
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